As part of the “Fête de la science”, a major event held every year in mainland France and the French overseas territories, Victoire Laurent, meteorologist and tropical climatology expert, delivers a hard-hitting analysis of the impact of climate change on French Polynesia. In her article published on The Conversation, she sheds light on the already visible effects of climate disruption on this archipelago, revealing data that is both alarming and instructive.
Historical climate data
Laurent highlights the importance of analysing long series of climate data in order to grasp the trends in climate change. In French Polynesia, the first rainfall measurements date back to 1853, and local meteorological archives are an invaluable treasure trove for research. By homogenising these data series, researchers can detect and quantify the signs of climate change, an essential step in anticipating future challenges.
Signs of global warming in French Polynesia
Made up of 120 islands divided into five archipelagos, French Polynesia is far from immune to global climate upheaval. Research shows that the Polynesian climate has warmed significantly in recent decades, with temperatures rising by between +0.6°C and +1.55°C depending on the archipelago. This warming is particularly marked at night. In Tahiti, for example, night-time temperatures have risen by +2°C over the last 58 years, almost twice as fast as daytime temperatures.
Cyclones down, but risks up
Although annual rainfall appears to be little affected by climate change, the article reveals a significant drop in cyclone activity over the last two decades. However, this decline does not mean the end of risks for local residents. Climate projections point to an increase in heatwaves and greater risk of drought, particularly on the high islands, by 2050. These changes could increase the vulnerability of water resources and the risk of vegetation fires. In the ocean, rising sea levels and the salinisation of freshwater lenses pose serious threats, particularly for the atolls.
The CLIPSSA project: towards local adaptation
In light of these worrying findings, Victoire Laurent has been actively involved in the CLIPSSA (CLImat du Pacifique Savoirs locaux et Stratégie d’Adaptation) project. The aim of this project is to provide very high-resolution climate simulations to help local populations develop adaptation strategies tailored to the specific cultural and geographical characteristics of French Polynesia.
Understanding the climate challenges
This article by Victoire Laurent is a powerful reminder of the urgent need to act to protect these particularly vulnerable territories in the face of climate change. It is essential reading for anyone interested in the future of island regions facing major environmental upheaval.
To find out more, read the full article here : L’impact du changement climatique sur la Polynésie française.